Library / Commentaries and Disputations on Genesis, Volume I

Book Four — the creation of the first human beings

And God blessed them, and said, Increase and multiply, and fill the earth. CHAPTER 1, VERSE 28

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And God blessed them, and said, Increase and multiply, and fill the earth. CHAPTER 1, VERSE 28.1

Benedixítque illis Deus, & ait, Crescite & multiplicamini, & replete terram. CAP. 1. VERS. 28.

BENEDICTIO Dei in scriptura significat copiam & affluentiam bonorum, quibus Deus homines afficit. Hoc autem loco indicat maximam foecunditatem quae data est homini, quo videlicet citius & numerosius genus humanum propagari posset: quod in exordio mundi, cùm vnus tantum vir & vna foemina sint creati, necessarium fuit; ob eandémque necessitatem statim post diluuium, vt legimus capite nono Geneseos, iterum Deus homini benedixit & similiter dixit, Crescite & multiplicamini. Illud Crescite non significat incrementum corporis secundùm magnitudinem (primos enim homines perfectos corporis mole ac magnitudine creatos esse constat), sed significat incrementum multitudinis: quod bene declaratur duobus proximè sequentibus verbis, Et multiplicamini, & replete terrá. Pro verbo Crescite, est verbum Hebraeum propriè significans Fructificate, videlicet ita se habet proles hominis vt fructus arboris. Et frequenter diuina Scriptura, ad significandam prolem humanam, vtitur vocabulo fructus, appellans eam fructum ventris: vti est illud, De fructu ventris tui ponam super sedem tuam; Elizabet dixit beatissimae Virgini, Benedicta tu inter mulieres, benedictus fructus ventris tui. DISPVTA-[TIO...]
The blessing of God, in Scripture, signifies an abundance and affluence of goods, with which God affects men. But in this place it indicates the greatest fecundity that was given to man, whereby, namely, the human race might be propagated more quickly and more numerously: which, at the beginning of the world, when only one man and one woman were created, was necessary; and for the same necessity, immediately after the flood (as we read in the ninth chapter of Genesis), God again blessed man and similarly said, “Increase and multiply.” That “Increase” does not signify an increase of the body in magnitude (for it is agreed that the first men were created perfect in bodily mass and magnitude), but signifies an increase of multitude: which is well declared by the two next-following words, “And multiply, and fill the earth.” For the word “Increase” there is a Hebrew word properly signifying “Bear fruit” — namely, the offspring of man stands as the fruit of a tree. And frequently divine Scripture, to signify human offspring, uses the word “fruit,” calling it the fruit of the womb: as is that, “Of the fruit of thy womb I will set upon thy throne”; Elizabeth said to the most blessed Virgin, “Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.” A DISPUTA[TION...] [continues]2

Translator’s notes

  1. Lemma (Gen 1:28), the blessing and command of fruitfulness.
  2. Decorated initial 'B.' God's blessing = abundance; here, the fecundity for propagating the race (necessary at the start, and renewed after the flood, Gen 9). 'Increase' means growth in number, not bodily size (the first men were full-grown). The Hebrew = 'bear fruit'; offspring is 'fruit of the womb' (Ps 132:11; Luke 1:42). Marginal gloss: 'Psal. 131. Lucae 1.' Page breaks at catchword 'DISPVTA[TIO].'